# 列出当前目录的文件
$ ls
file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt newFile.txt test.txt
# 查看 `test.txt` 文件内容
$ cat test.txt
git test
git init
git diff
understand how git control version
how git work
git tracks changes of files
# 查看 `test.txt` 文件状态
$ git status
On branch master
Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
modified: test.txt
Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
.DS_Store
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
# 查看 `test.txt` 文件差异
$ git diff
diff --git a/test.txt b/test.txt
index d31bdd2..56c76b7 100644
--- a/test.txt
+++ b/test.txt
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ git init
git diff
understand how git control version
how git work
-git tracks changes
+git tracks changes of files
$
# 工作区更改添加到暂存区
$ git add test.txt
# 暂存区内容提交到版本没哭
$ git commit -m "git tracks changes of files"
[master b7bda05] git tracks changes of files
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
# 查看文件状态
$ git status
On branch master
Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
.DS_Store
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
$
现在正在加班加点干活,一不小心将心中的不满表露出来了,于是有了下面的内容:
# 意外更改正是这么犯傻的一句话
$ echo "My stupid boss still prefers svn" >> test.txt
# 当前文件内容
$ cat test.txt
git test
git init
git diff
understand how git control version
how git work
git tracks changes of files
My stupid boss still prefers svn
$
虽然强打精神,可还是很困,于是打算喝杯咖啡提提神,猛然发现 stupid boss 可能会让你丢掉这个月的奖金!
暗自庆幸,咖啡果然是个好东西,既然发现了问题,那就事不宜迟赶紧修复,因为不适宜的话正是 stupid boss ,所以你完全可以手动删除,但是假如你说了一大堆不合适的话,或者复制粘贴时弄错了,这就不是删除一两行那么简单了!
# 查看文件状态
$ git status
On branch master
Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
modified: test.txt
Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
.DS_Store
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
$
git 不负众望,果然给了我们希望,(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory) 这句话的告诉我们可以丢弃工作区的更改!
# 丢弃工作区的更改
$ git checkout -- test.txt
# 查看文件内容: My stupid boss still prefers svn 终于不见了
$ cat test.txt
git test
git init
git diff
understand how git control version
how git work
git tracks changes of files
# 查看文件状态
$ git status
On branch master
Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
.DS_Store
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
$
# 模拟正常提交(不然岂不是从场景一到场景二你什么都没做,那还能叫做赶制工作报告吗?!)
$ echo "someone prefers svn,but i don't care it" >> test.txt
$ cat test.txt
git test
git init
git diff
understand how git control version
how git work
git tracks changes of files
someone prefers svn,but i don't care it
$ git add test.txt
$ git commit -m "normal commit"
[master ab1cbd2] normal commit
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
# 意外更改的前夕
$ cat test.txt
git test
git init
git diff
understand how git control version
how git work
git tracks changes of files
someone prefers svn,but i don't care it
# 意外更改内容: my teammate is stupid too.
$ echo "my teammate is stupid too." >> test.txt
$ cat test.txt
git test
git init
git diff
understand how git control version
how git work
git tracks changes of files
someone prefers svn,but i don't care it
my teammate is stupid too.
# 意外操作: 将意外更改内容提交到暂存区
$ git add test.txt
# 查看文件状态: 救命稻草 (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
$ git status
On branch master
Changes to be committed:
(use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
modified: test.txt
Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
.DS_Store
$
git 同样告诉我们,可以使用 git reset HEAD <file> 命令撤销暂存区更改.
其实 git reset HEAD <file> 命令是用版本库的内容替换掉暂存区的内容,也就是说原来暂存区的内容已被丢弃了!
所以说这个命令并不会影响工作区内容,不如我们现在再看一眼工作区内容,方便执行 git reset HEAD <file> 命令后证实我们的结论.
# 查看文件内容: my teammate is stupid too.
$ cat test.txt
git test
git init
git diff
understand how git control version
how git work
git tracks changes of files
someone prefers svn,but i don't care it
my teammate is stupid too.
$
迫不及待执行 git reset HEAD <file> 命令,先睹为快!
# 救命稻草: 版本库内容替换掉暂存区内容
$ git reset HEAD test.txt
Unstaged changes after reset:
M test.txt
# 效果: 目标文件已修改但未添加到暂存区
$ git status
On branch master
Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
modified: test.txt
Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
.DS_Store
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
# 目标文件内容: 仍然保持不变
$ cat test.txt
git test
git init
git diff
understand how git control version
how git work
git tracks changes of files
someone prefers svn,but i don't care it
my teammate is stupid too.
$
# 衔接场景二
$ cat test.txt
git test
git init
git diff
understand how git control version
how git work
git tracks changes of files
someone prefers svn,but i don't care it
# 正常提交一
$ echo "i love working,work makes me happy" >> test.txt
$ git add test.txt
$ git commit -m "encourage myself"
[master a44cf7a] encourage myself
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
# 正常提交二
$ echo "fix 110 bugs,so happy" >> test.txt
$ git add test.txt
$ git commit -m "fix bugs"
[master c66399d] fix bugs
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
sunpodeMacBook-Pro:demo sunpo$ git status
On branch master
Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
.DS_Store
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
# 意外更改: hate to work overtime
$ echo "hate to work overtime" >> test.txt
$ git add test.txt
$ git commit -m "test.txt"
[master c965724] test.txt
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
$
天妒英才,加班加点做事情,本想赢得老板的赏识,没想到最后一句话"hate to work overtime"让所有的努力都付之一炬,怎么办?
死马当活马医,还是照例看看git status 能提供什么建议吧!
$ git status
On branch master
Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
.DS_Store
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
$
# 当前文件内容: 闯祸的"hate to work overtime"
$ cat test.txt
git test
git init
git diff
understand how git control version
how git work
git tracks changes of files
someone prefers svn,but i don't care it
i love working,work makes me happy
fix 110 bugs,so happy
hate to work overtime
# 版本回退: 回到过去假装什么都没发生过
$ git reset --hard HEAD^
HEAD is now at c66399d fix bugs
sunpodeMacBook-Pro:demo sunpo$ git status
On branch master
Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
.DS_Store
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
# 岁月静好,一切似乎都没发生过
$ cat test.txt
git test
git init
git diff
understand how git control version
how git work
git tracks changes of files
someone prefers svn,but i don't care it
i love working,work makes me happy
fix 110 bugs,so happy
# 当前文件状态
$ git status
On branch master
Untracked files:
(use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
.DS_Store
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
$
